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ISSN: 2344 - 102X
ISSN-L: 2344 - 102X
Our journal is currently indexed in the following databases:
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Volume 13, Number 3, Year 2025
| 2. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HOSPITAL INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT PROGRAM IN ROMANIA - RULES, DIMENSIONS, AND EXPECTED EFFECTS | 
Download | | Author(s): Oana Miron | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13301 | | Abstract: Fundamental health services, which the state is required to provide through its network of hospitals, must be delivered at high standards of quality and safety for all citizens. However, certain areas currently lack these services altogether, negatively impacting the population's health. Therefore, it is important to adopt an integrated national strategy to secure funding, through public administration, for priority projects aimed at improving essential public health services. Recently, decision-makers in Romania have established an institutional framework supporting this approach in the form of the National Investment Program for Hospital Infrastructure (NIPIHU). This paper analyzes this program, which is critically needed in the context of implementing the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) - Component 12 - Health. Proper implementation of this program could lead to improvements in national health indicators and reduce disparities relative to the European Union average. | | Keywords: Hospital Infrastructure; Investments; National Program; Repayable/non-repayable Funding; Monitoring/oversight Of Implementation. |
| 3. SUSTAINABILITY AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IN THE ROMANIAN BANKING SYSTEM: THE CASE OF TRANSILVANIA BANK |
Download | | Author(s): Gabriela Corina Slusariuc | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13302 | | Abstract: This paper examines sustainability practices and financial performance indicators within the Romanian banking system, focusing on Transilvania Bank as a representative case of sustainable banking in an emerging European economy. The study aims to analyse how environmental, social, and governance principles are reflected in the strategic orientation and performance indicators of a leading Romanian bank, without seeking to establish causal relationships between sustainability and financial performance. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, combining sector-level contextual analysis with bank-level financial and sustainability data for the period 2020-2024. Key indicators such as return on equity, return on assets, the green asset ratio, and financed emissions are used to provide an integrated overview of financial and sustainability performance. The results indicate a gradual expansion of green financing activities, a reduction in the intensity of financed emissions, and the maintenance of robust profitability levels. These findings suggest a consistent alignment between sustainability-oriented strategies and financial performance indicators. In addition, the analysis highlights the progressive alignment of the Romanian banking sector with European sustainability reporting requirements. The paper contributes to the literature on sustainable banking by providing empirical insights into the descriptive relationship between sustainability practices and financial performance indicators in a transition economy context. | | Keywords: Sustainability; Performance; Banking Management. |
| 4. THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS DEFENDED BY THE CONVENTION IN THE ECHR LIGHT IN THE TOTHPAL AND SZABO |
Download | | Author(s): Adela Sorinela Safta, Ben Oni Ardelean | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13303 | | Abstract: This study examines the transposition and interrelation of fundamental rights, such as the right to freedom of expression with particular focus on their impact on the exercise of priestly functions. These rights, guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) are especially significant in cases where religious service is performed out of personal conviction rather than under an employment contract, as exemplified in the jurisprudence, including the case of Tothpal and Szabo. The origin of the case lies in two applications submitted under Article 34 of the Convention, highlighting violations of fundamental rights stemming not only from interpretative tensions in national legal systems but also from conflicts between constitutional principles and doctrinal coherence. Such cases necessitate a reassessment of how legal principles are constructed and applied, often leading to jurisprudence that lays the foundation for emerging legal doctrines within the field of human rights. Our analysis draws upon data from sources such as the Curia database, Eurostat, and ECJ jurisprudence, which contribute empirical and normative support to the legal arguments presented. Ultimately, the study underscores the centrality of freedom of expression and the right to life as inalienable rights, indispensable for the functioning of a democratic society and essential in safeguarding the moral and spiritual autonomy of individuals, particularly in the context of religious. | | Keywords: Right Fundamental, Legal Doctrines; Freedom Of Expression; Religious Service. |
| 5. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF DETECTING FRAUD INVOLVING EUROPEAN FUNDS |
Download | | Author(s): Ana - Maria Buzdugan, Elena Hlaciuc | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13304 | | Abstract: Fraud or irregularities associated with the management of European funds represent a major risk to the European Union budget. In this study, we examined from a qualitative and exploratory perspective the potential role of artificial intelligence in supporting the detection of fraud involving European funds. The research is based on a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature indexed in the Web of Science database for the period 2013-2025, combined with a qualitative analysis of institutional reports issued by the OLAF and the EPPO for the period 2020-2024. The institutional reports are used to illustrate the current scale and evolution of fraud cases affecting European funds, while the academic literature is analyzed to identify relevant artificial intelligence techniques, research trends and implementation challenges. The findings indicate a growing academic interest in the use of artificial intelligence technologies-such as machine learning, data mining and anomaly detection-for financial fraud detection. However, the application of these technologies in the specific context of European funds remains limited and fragmented. The analysis also highlights data sources, uneven data quality, legislative differences between member states and restricted access to data on beneficiaries and public procurement. Based on these findings, the paper proposes a conceptual model that integrates artificial intelligence as a complementary analytical tool within existing anti-fraud frameworks, with an emphasis on risk-based analysis, data pre-processing and human validation. The study concludes that artificial intelligence can improve the detection of fraud involving European funds, provided that adequate investments are made in digital infrastructure, data governance, staff training and interinstitutional cooperation. | | Keywords: European Funds; Fraud, Artificial Intelligence; Fraud Detection. |
| 6. A COMPARATIVE EXPLORATORY STUDY OF AI AND BIG DATA ADOPTION IN FINANCIAL DECISION-MAKING |
Download | | Author(s): Carmen Boghean | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13305 | | Abstract: This exploratory qualitative study investigates the adoption and perceived impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data technologies on financial decision-making processes within organizations. Through a comparative case study analysis of five major Romanian companies (Banca Transilvania, Electrica SA, Romgaz, eMAG, Dedeman) and a contextual benchmark with international counterparts (JPMorgan, Enel, ExxonMobil, Amazon, Home Depot), the research identifies key drivers, implementation strategies, and organizational challenges associated with digital transformation in finance. The analysis relies on triangulated data from publicly available corporate documents, annual reports, strategic plans, and press releases. Findings reveal a spectrum of digital maturity levels, with advanced adopters leveraging AI for personalized services and operational efficiency, while slower adopters face structural and cultural barriers. The study concludes that successful integration depends not only on technological investment but also on organizational readiness, strategic vision, and ethical governance. This research provides a foundational framework for understanding digital transformation trajectories in emerging versus developed financial contexts. | | Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Big Data; Decision-making Process; Digital Transformation. |
| 7. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON ESG PERFORMANCE AND CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING |
Download | | Author(s): Marius - Sorin Ciubotariu, Ana - Maria Sandulachi | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13306 | | Abstract: As social, environmental and governance issues continue to be some of the most debated topics globally, the pressure on companies to report information on corporate social responsibility has been intensifying. At the same time, the rapid development of digital technologies and the deep integration of digital information networks in most of the processes related to global economic development have led to a rethinking of the corporate reporting process. Thus, an increasing number of regulatory bodies have proposed corporate reporting frameworks based on digital standards that use technologies such as XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) or other types of digital innovations that contribute to the automation of the reporting process. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the impact of digital technologies on ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) performance, how the use of digital technologies in the reporting process influences the quality of business sustainability reporting, as well as the advantages and challenges of digitizing corporate reporting. In this regard, the research is based on a systematic and structured analysis of the specialized literature aimed at identifying the main digital technologies used in corporate activity and how they contribute to improving ESG performance and the quality of sustainability reports. Therefore, the most relevant articles addressing digitalization in the context of ESG performance and sustainability reporting over the past 10 years were retrieved from Google Scholar. The results of the study may be useful to companies that report non-financial information, as the paper provides a concise and systematic overview of how digital technologies can facilitate the process of collecting information and preparing sustainability reports, as well as the main advantages and challenges associated with their implementation. | | Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Digital Technology; Non-financial Reporting; Stakeholders |
| 8. DEVELOPING AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR ACCELERATING INNOVATION IN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT |
Download | | Author(s): Svetlana Mihaila, Corneliu Soimu, Galina Badicu | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2025.13307 | | Abstract: This paper examines sustainability practices and financial performance indicators within the Romanian banking system, focusing on Transilvania Bank as a representative case of sustainable banking in an emerging European economy. The study aims to analyse how environmental, social, and governance principles are reflected in the strategic orientation and performance indicators of a leading Romanian bank, without seeking to establish causal relationships between sustainability and financial performance. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, combining sector-level contextual analysis with bank-level financial and sustainability data for the period 2020-2024. Key indicators such as return on equity, return on assets, the green asset ratio, and financed emissions are used to provide an integrated overview of financial and sustainability performance. The results indicate a gradual expansion of green financing activities, a reduction in the intensity of financed emissions, and the maintenance of robust profitability levels. These findings suggest a consistent alignment between sustainability-oriented strategies and financial performance indicators. In addition, the analysis highlights the progressive alignment of the Romanian banking sector with European sustainability reporting requirements. The paper contributes to the literature on sustainable banking by providing empirical insights into the descriptive relationship between sustainability practices and financial performance indicators in a transition economy context. | | Keywords: Sustainability; Performance; Banking Management. |
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