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ISSN: 2344 - 102X
ISSN-L: 2344 - 102X
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Volume 3, Number 3, Year 2015| 1. BANKING RATING IN ROMANIA. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN CAAMPL AND PEARLS MODELS | 
Download | | Author(s): Lucian Gaban | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2015.331 | | Abstract: In this paper the author presents the evaluation method of the crediting risk in 20 Romanian banks, based on the unique rating systems called CAAMPL and PEARLS models. The content of each component of this system is taken into consideration and also the group of values attached to every component of credit risk analysis is highlighted. Finally, the main measures that a bank has to take in order to limit credit risk are presented. | | Keywords: Ratings, Capital Adequacy, Assets Quality, Liquidity, Profitability, Management |
| 2. CONVERGENCE EFFORTS ON THE ISSUE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS |
Download | | Author(s): Adrian Daniel Gencia | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2015.332 | | Abstract: The issue of information quality is a key stone concept in the accounting world, as it supplies the ground for the decision making process. In the context of financial reporting convergence, this concept has went through a number of changes, in order to reach a general form understandable and suitable to all national accounting traditions aiming for IFRS adoption. The current paper presents the evolution of the concept, from its originating Anglo Saxon form, to the continental approach; offering at the same time an overall picture of the current generally accepted classes of characteristics and stages of adoption in the western world. | | Keywords: Accounting Information, Quality Characteristics, FASB, IFRS |
| 3. ACCOUNTING ISSUES ABOUT FIXED ASSETS UNDER NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS |
Download | | Author(s): Liliana Lazari, Luminita Griu-pislaras | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2015.333 | | Abstract: The thesis presents theoretical and methodological aspects of data processing and to obtain information related to fixed assets as part of tangible assets necessary to streamline the process of decision making on the activities of the entity. It is well known that fixed assets are some of the strongest elements for checking the viability of each entity. These, in turn, must always take into account the composition, efficiency, renewal and functional status of their technical potential.
The national accounting reform started encouraged us to make comparison between the provisions of the National Accounting Standards (NAS) and International Standards (IFRS) in the treatment of fixed assets. Thus, special attention has presented evidence of the passage tangible recognition methods, initial and subsequent evaluation, and depreciation of fixed assets. The focus was on changes shaping our national accounting regulations by comparing them with international ones.
Given the accelerated economic development of contemporary times, it becomes more acute the need to obtain new information in the areas of economic activity, especially that of tangible evidence, including fixed assets. Considering this fact is of great importance and current continuous improvement of how to account for fixed assets of the entity. | | Keywords: Property, Assets, Recognition, Impairment, Non-recognition |
| 4. DOES THE ACCRUAL ANOMALY EXISTS IN STOCK MARKET? EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN |
Download | | Author(s): Muhammad Saad Baloch | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2015.334 | | Abstract: This study examined the existence of accrual anomaly exclusively in Karachi Stock Exchange by measuring accruals from cash flow approach and by using a sample of 100 non-financial firms registered at Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) for the time period of 2002 to 2013. The objective of the study is to examine the accrual anomaly by measuring accruals from cash flow approach as measuring accruals from balance sheet approach may contain estimation errors which may lead to biased result i.e. existence of accrual anomaly. Robust Fixed Effect method is used to achieve the objective.
Result revealed that accruals predict the future stock returns positively when accruals are measured through cash flow approach which is contradictory to the accrual anomaly. It proved that measuring accruals from balance sheet approach contain estimation errors which lead to biased results. The study concluded that accrual anomaly does not exist in KSE and selection of specific estimation method is reason for accrual anomaly. | | Keywords: Accrual Anomaly, Accruals, Accounting, Earning Management, KSE, Pakistan |
| 5. EFFICIENCY OF BUDGET-BASED CONTROL IN ACHIEVING SHORT-TERM OBJECTIVES |
Download | | Author(s): Svetlana Mihaila, Galina Badicu, Nicolai Jieri | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2015.335 | | Abstract: This article treats some aspects concerning the efficiency of the control through budgets in achieving short-term objectives. Having investigated the specialized literature, we have focused on the following aspects: the role of the budgeting within the entity in terms of performance of the manufacturing entities, the calculation of the indicators that characterize the financial performance, the calculation of the indicators as a measure to ensure the efficiency of the manufacturing process.
This article describes certain concepts related to the key indicators system underlying the entity's efficiency. The authors pay a special attention to the analysis, presentation and elaboration of the main budgets for the manufacturing entities in the Republic of Moldova with a view to elucidating the importance of budgeting both via its characteristics and its application into practice. | | Keywords: Planning, Economic Indicators, Economic Efficiency, Profitability |
| 6. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS AND PRODUCTIVITY: A STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS APPROACH |
Download | | Author(s): Maria Moraru, Margareta Caran, Gratiela Georgiana Noja | | DOI: 10.4316/EJAFB.2015.336 | | Abstract: The analysis conducted within this paper aims to identify and assess the determinants and economic consequences of a specific type of employee benefits granted by companies after employment, respectively the pension systems and associated advantages, for Romania and Serbia, during 2005-2013. Our empirical research is based on developing several models processed through structural equations with the MLE (Maximum Likelihood Estimator) method. Furthermore, we used a complex set of indicators specific for the pension systems, as well as for the economic activity, labor market and education. The results obtained after processing eight macroeconometric panel and time series models highlight the importance of the economic activity in both countries which can significantly shape the pension systems. Thus, the economic growth reduces the number of pension beneficiaries for all types of pensions (old-age, anticipated old-age, survivor), representing an incentive for workers to remain actively integrated into the labor market. The main differentials between Romania and Serbia within this perspective are given by the educational level and the effects on labor and resource productivity, respectively its significant reduction in Romania and improvement for Serbia. | | Keywords: Employee Benefits, IAS 19, Pensions, Productivity, Economic Growth |
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